Frequent comorbid conditions include fatigue, insomnia, mild cognitive impairment, depression and anxiety disorders (Reyes del Paso, Pulgar, Duschek, & Garrido, 2012 Van Middendorp et al., 2008 Wolfe et al., 2010). Introduction Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a chronic condition characterized by persistent and widespread musculoskeletal pain, which affects 2– 4% of the general population (Wolfe et al., 1990 Wolfe, Ross, Anderson, Russell, & Hebert, 1995) and approximately 15% of rheumatological samples gathered across different countries (Neumann & Buskila, 2003). This result may be discussed by considering the distinction between state and trait alexithymia the weaker associations in patients may be ascribed to specific enhancement of state alexithymia due to illness-related affective distress. The data corroborate the high prevalence of alexithymia in FMS however, they also suggest that alexithymia may play a less important role in symptom experience in patients vs. Alexithymia was overall more closely related to clinical variables in healthy individuals than in patients in patients, many associations disappeared when anxiety and depression were controlled. Patients furthermore displayed greater depression-anxiety, fatigue, sleep problems and neuroticism, lower HRQL and dysfunctional coping.
FMS patients exhibited higher scores in DIF and DDF than healthy individuals group differences were markedly lower when depression and anxiety were statistically controlled.
Participants also completed instruments assessing Eysenck's personality dimensions, pain, fatigue, sleep, anxiety, depression, health-related quality of life (HRQL) and coping with pain. Forty-five FMS patients and 31 healthy individuals completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, which includes the dimensions: Difficulty Identifying Feelings (DIF), Difficulty Describing Feelings (DDF), and Externally-Oriented Thinking (EOT). Reyes del Paso a, Stefan Duschek b a bĭepartment of Psychology, University of Jaén, Spain UMIT - University for Health Sciences Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, AustriaĪrticle history: Received 17 March 2016 Received in revised form 29 June 2016 Accepted 30 June 2016 Available online xxxx Keywords: Fibromyalgia Alexithymia Neuroticism Extroversion Psychoticism Quality of life Anxiety DepressionĪ b s t r a c t The study compared alexithymia in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients and healthy individuals, and analyzed its association with clinical, emotional, and functional variables. Personality and Individual Differences journal homepage: Alexithymia in fibromyalgia syndrome Casandra I. Personality and Individual Differences 102 (2016) 170–179Ĭontents lists available at ScienceDirect
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